{"id":5225,"date":"2023-08-18T23:42:18","date_gmt":"2023-08-18T23:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hangzhiprecision.com\/?p=5225"},"modified":"2026-01-23T02:04:27","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T02:04:27","slug":"hall-etkisi-akim-sensoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hangzhiprecision.com\/tr\/knowledge-center\/hall-effect-current-sensor\/","title":{"rendered":"Hall etkili ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A Hall etkisi ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc<\/a> Hall etkisi olgusunu kullanarak bir iletkenden ge\u00e7en ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7en elektronik bir cihazd\u0131r. Hall etkisi, Hall voltaj\u0131 olarak bilinen bir voltaj fark\u0131n\u0131n, ak\u0131m ak\u0131\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcne dik bir manyetik alana maruz kalan bir iletken boyunca \u00fcretildi\u011fi fiziksel bir prensiptir. Hall etkili ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri, do\u011frudan elektrik konta\u011f\u0131 gerektirmeden bir iletkenden akan ak\u0131m\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hassas bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bu olguyu kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall Etkisi Nedir? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall Etkisi ne zaman ke\u015ffedildi ve nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor? <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall etkisi, 1879 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 fizik\u00e7i Hall taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Manyetik alandaki bir iletkenden ak\u0131m ge\u00e7ti\u011finde, iletkende ak\u0131m\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcne ve manyetik alan\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcne dik bir potansiyel fark\u0131 olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Ve potansiyel fark\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, manyetik ind\u00fcksiyonun dikey bile\u015feni ve ak\u0131m\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Yar\u0131 iletkenlerde Hall etkisi daha da belirgindir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"hall\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall etkisi esasen Lorentz kuvvetinin neden oldu\u011fu manyetik alan i\u00e7inde hareket eden y\u00fckl\u00fc par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n sapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fckl\u00fc par\u00e7ac\u0131klar (elektronlar veya delikler) kat\u0131 bir malzeme i\u00e7inde hapsedildi\u011finde, bu sapma, pozitif ve negatif y\u00fcklerin ak\u0131ma ve manyetik alana dik y\u00f6nde birikmesine yol a\u00e7ar ve b\u00f6ylece ilave bir enine elektrik alan\u0131, yani Hall olu\u015fur. elektrik alan\u0131 EH.
IS ak\u0131m\u0131 N tipi veya P tipi Hall eleman\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er, B manyetik alan\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc IS ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcne diktir ve manyetik alan\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u00e7eriden d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya do\u011frudur. N tipi yar\u0131 iletkenler ve P tipi yar\u0131 iletkenler i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulan y\u00f6nler sol ve sa\u011fdaki Salonda g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibidir. Elektrik alan\u0131 EH (buna g\u00f6re Hall eleman\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri de\u011ferlendirilebilir \u2013 N tipi veya P tipi).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall potansiyel fark\u0131 EH, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yana kaymaya devam etmesini engeller. Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 enine elektrik alan kuvveti FE ve Lorentz kuvveti FB e\u015fit oldu\u011funda Hall eleman\u0131n\u0131n her iki taraf\u0131ndaki y\u00fck birikimi dinamik bir dengeye ula\u015f\u0131r.
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc:
FE=eEH, FB=evB,
\u00d6yleyse:
eEH=eVB (1)
Numunenin geni\u015fli\u011finin b, kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d ve ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 konsantrasyonunun n oldu\u011funu varsayal\u0131m:
IS=nevbd (2)
Form\u00fcl (1) ve (2)'den \u015funu elde edebiliriz:
Hall potansiyel fark\u0131 UH=EHb=(1\/ne)(ISB\/d)=RH(ISB\/d)
RH=1\/ne, malzemenin Hall etkisinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tan \u00f6nemli bir parametre olan malzemenin Hall katsay\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.
Sabit bir Hall eleman\u0131 i\u00e7in d kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabittir ve KH, Hall eleman\u0131n\u0131n Hall katsay\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r ve \u015fu \u015fekilde elde edilebilir:
UH=KHISB (3)
Yani: Hall potansiyel fark\u0131 UH, ak\u0131m IS ve manyetik ind\u00fcksiyon B ile orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall Etkisi Uygulamalar\u0131<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall etkisini kullanarak anahtar sens\u00f6rleri ve do\u011frusal sens\u00f6rler yap\u0131labilir. Anahtar tipi Hall sens\u00f6rleri konum, yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme ve h\u0131z \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde, lineer Hall sens\u00f6rleri ise manyetik alan, ak\u0131m ve gerilim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
Son y\u0131llarda, g\u00fc\u00e7 frekans\u0131 olmayan ve sin\u00fczoidal olmayan \u00f6zelliklere sahip de\u011fi\u015fken frekansl\u0131 elektri\u011fin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik artan bir talep vard\u0131r. Elektromanyetik transformat\u00f6rlerin dar frekans uygulama aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle, Hall voltaj\u0131 ve ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinin uygulanabilir frekans bantlar\u0131 geni\u015ftir ve DC \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir, pazar beklentisi geni\u015ftir.
Ancak karma\u015f\u0131k bir elektromanyetik ortamda de\u011fi\u015fken frekans g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in Hall sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik alana duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle uygulamaya \u00f6zel dikkat g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca Hall voltaj ve ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri esas olarak kontrol amac\u0131yla voltaj ve ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00fcreticiler genellikle g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kritik olan a\u00e7\u0131 fark\u0131 g\u00f6stergelerini sa\u011flamazlar. Do\u011fru g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc gerektiren durumlarda bunlar\u0131 dikkatli kullan\u0131n.
Ulusal Frekans D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm G\u00fc\u00e7 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Cihaz\u0131 Metroloji \u0130stasyonu, baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n Hall voltaj ve ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri t\u00fcrleri \u00fczerinde anl\u0131k kontroller ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. 50Hz'de a\u00e7\u0131 fark\u0131 indeksi, 0,2 seviyeli elektromanyetik transformat\u00f6r\u00fcn 10''una k\u0131yasla 20'~240' aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle a\u00e7\u0131sal fark indeksi zay\u0131ft\u0131r ve g\u00fc\u00e7 fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu durumlarda g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011fu \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi vard\u0131r.
<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall Etkisi Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rleri Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve \u00c7e\u015fitleri <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall Etkili Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rlerinin \u00d6zeti<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc ve kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc tiplerini i\u00e7erir. Y\u00fcksek hassasiyetli Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc, manyetik denge Hall ilkesine, yani kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc ilkesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Birincil ak\u0131m IP \u00fcretti\u011finde Manyetik ak\u0131, y\u00fcksek kaliteli manyetik \u00e7ekirdek arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla manyetik devrede yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, Hall eleman\u0131 manyetik ak\u0131y\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in hava bo\u015flu\u011funa sabitlenir ve ters kompanzasyon ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok turlu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yoluyla verilir. Birincil tarafta IP olu\u015fumunu dengelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan manyetik \u00e7ekirdek \u00fczerine bobin sar\u0131l\u0131r. Manyetik ak\u0131, b\u00f6ylece manyetik devredeki manyetik ak\u0131 her zaman s\u0131f\u0131rda tutulur. \u00d6zel bir devre taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendikten sonra sens\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f terminali, birincil taraf\u0131n ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131tan bir ak\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 verebilir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hangzhi Hassas Hall Etkisi Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rlerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall Etkili Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rleri Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A\u00e7\u0131k D\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall Etkisi Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rleri<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Birincil ak\u0131m IP'si uzun bir telden akt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, telin etraf\u0131nda bir manyetik alan olu\u015fturulacakt\u0131r. Bu manyetik alan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc telden ge\u00e7en ak\u0131mla orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretilen manyetik alan manyetik halkada toplan\u0131r ve manyetik halkan\u0131n hava bo\u015flu\u011fundan ge\u00e7er. Hall eleman\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f voltaj\u0131 VS, birincil ak\u0131m IP'sini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131t\u0131r. Genel nominal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f 4V'a kalibre edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc prensibi<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Manyetik Denge (Kapal\u0131 \u00c7evrim) Hall Etkisi Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rleri<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Birincil ak\u0131m IP'si uzun bir telden akt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, telin etraf\u0131nda bir manyetik alan olu\u015fturulacakt\u0131r. Bu manyetik alan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc telden ge\u00e7en ak\u0131mla orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretilen manyetik alan manyetik halkada toplan\u0131r ve manyetik halkan\u0131n hava bo\u015flu\u011fundan ge\u00e7er. Hall eleman\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f voltaj\u0131 VS, birincil ak\u0131m IP'sini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131t\u0131r. Genel nominal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f 4V'a kalibre edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Salon ak\u0131m\u0131 sens\u00f6r\u00fc_Manyetik denge Salon ak\u0131m\u0131 sens\u00f6r\u00fc prensibi<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Manyetik denge ak\u0131m\u0131 sens\u00f6r\u00fc ayn\u0131 zamanda bir dengeleme sens\u00f6r\u00fc olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, yani manyetik toplama halkas\u0131nda birincil ak\u0131m Ip taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen manyetik alan, ikincil bir bobin ak\u0131m\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen manyetik alan taraf\u0131ndan dengelenir ve dengeleme ak\u0131m\u0131 Is, birincil ak\u0131m Ip'yi do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131t\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece Hall cihaz\u0131n\u0131 alg\u0131lama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumunda yap\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r manyetik ak\u0131<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Spesifik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreci \u015fu \u015fekildedir: Ana devreden bir ak\u0131m ge\u00e7ti\u011finde, tel \u00fczerinde \u00fcretilen manyetik alan, manyetik halka taraf\u0131ndan toplan\u0131r ve Hall cihaz\u0131na ind\u00fcklenir ve \u00fcretilen sinyal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc tahrik etmek ve bunu yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. davran\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6ylece bir tazminat Ak\u0131m\u0131 elde edilir. Bu ak\u0131m, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi manyetik alan\u0131n tam tersi olan bir manyetik alan olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok turlu sarg\u0131dan ge\u00e7er, b\u00f6ylece orijinal manyetik alan\u0131 telafi eder ve Hall cihaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kademeli olarak azalt\u0131r. Ip ile d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131larak olu\u015fturulan manyetik alan e\u015fit oldu\u011funda Is art\u0131k artmayacakt\u0131r. \u015eu anda Hall cihaz\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131r manyetik ak\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6sterme rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynuyor. \u015eu anda Ip, Is taraf\u0131ndan test edilebilir. Ip de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde denge bozulur ve Hall cihaz\u0131nda sinyal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 olur, yani tekrar dengeyi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yukar\u0131daki i\u015flem tekrarlan\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclen ak\u0131mdaki herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik bu dengeyi bozacakt\u0131r. Manyetik alan\u0131n dengesi bozuldu\u011funda Hall cihaz\u0131nda bir sinyal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 bulunur. G\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fckseltildikten sonra, dengesiz manyetik alan\u0131 telafi etmek i\u00e7in sekonder sarg\u0131dan hemen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen bir ak\u0131m akar. Manyetik alan dengesizli\u011finden tekrar dengeye gelmesi i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcre teorik olarak 1\u03bcs'den azd\u0131r, bu da dinamik bir denge s\u00fcrecidir. Bu nedenle, makro a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ikincil dengeleme ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n amper-d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri, herhangi bir zamanda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen birincil ak\u0131m\u0131n amper-d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerine e\u015fittir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc ile a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki temel fark<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A. Bant geni\u015fli\u011fi fark\u0131
Mikroskobik a\u00e7\u0131dan konu\u015fursak, hava aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki manyetik alan her zaman s\u0131f\u0131r ak\u0131ya yak\u0131n bir \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fir. Manyetik alan \u00e7ok az de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in frekans\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olabilir. Bu nedenle kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn tepki s\u00fcresi h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn bant geni\u015fli\u011fi genellikle 100 kHz'in \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kabilir. A\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn bant geni\u015fli\u011fi genellikle dard\u0131r, \u00f6rne\u011fin: ortak a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn bant geni\u015fli\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 kHz'dir.
B. Kesinlik fark\u0131
A\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn sekonder taraf\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, manyetik \u00e7ekirde\u011fin hava bo\u015flu\u011fundaki manyetik ind\u00fcksiyon yo\u011funlu\u011fu ile orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r ve manyetik \u00e7ekirdek, y\u00fcksek manyetik ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fe sahip malzemelerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011frusal olmayan ve histerezis etkileri t\u00fcm y\u00fcksek manyetik ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fe sahip malzemelerin do\u011fal \u00f6zellikleridir. Bu nedenle, a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc genellikle zay\u0131f bir do\u011frusall\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahiptir ve birincil yan sinyal y\u00fckselip d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ikincil taraf\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 farkl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011fu genellikle 1%'den daha k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131r ak\u0131 durumunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, manyetik \u00e7ekirde\u011fin do\u011frusal olmama ve histerezis etkisi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 etkilemeyecek ve daha iyi do\u011frusall\u0131k ve daha y\u00fcksek hassasiyet elde edilebilecektir. Kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011fu genellikle 0,2%'ye ula\u015fabilir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall etkisi ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ana teknik parametreleri<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131 VA<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sens\u00f6r g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131 VA, sens\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen aral\u0131kta olmas\u0131 gereken, ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. Bu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6tesinde sens\u00f6r normal \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015famaz veya g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi azal\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca sens\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131 VA, pozitif g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131 VA+ ve negatif g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131 VA- olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Tek fazl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na sahip sens\u00f6rler i\u00e7in, g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131n\u0131n (VAmin) iki fazl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 voltaj\u0131n\u0131n (VAmin) iki kat\u0131 oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ift g\u00fc\u00e7 sens\u00f6rlerininkinden daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ipmaks<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilen maksimum ak\u0131m de\u011ferini ifade eder ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 genellikle standart nominal de\u011fer IPN'den y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Standart nominal de\u011fer IPN ve nominal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ak\u0131m\u0131 ISN<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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IPN, mevcut sens\u00f6r\u00fcn test edebilece\u011fi, etkin de\u011fer (Arms) cinsinden ifade edilen standart nominal de\u011feri ifade eder ve IPN'nin boyutu, sens\u00f6r \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn modeliyle ili\u015fkilidir. ISN, ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn nominal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder, genellikle 10~400mA, elbette baz\u0131 modellere g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilir. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm direnci R'den ge\u00e7erse, birincil ak\u0131mla orant\u0131l\u0131 birka\u00e7 voltluk bir voltaj \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f sinyali elde edilebilir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mevcut ISO'yu dengele<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ofset ak\u0131m\u0131, esas olarak elektronik devrelerdeki Hall elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n veya i\u015flemsel y\u00fckselte\u00e7lerin dengesiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumundan kaynaklanan art\u0131k ak\u0131m veya art\u0131k ak\u0131m olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcretildi\u011finde 25\u00b0C ve IP=0'da ofset ak\u0131m\u0131 minimuma ayarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ancak sens\u00f6r \u00fcretim hatt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belli miktarda ofset ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00fcretecektir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Do\u011frusall\u0131k<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Do\u011frusall\u0131k, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 dahilinde sens\u00f6r \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f sinyalinin (ikincil taraf ak\u0131m\u0131 I0) giri\u015f sinyaliyle (birincil taraf ak\u0131m\u0131 I) orant\u0131l\u0131 olma derecesini belirler.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaymas\u0131<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ofset ak\u0131m\u0131 ISO 25\u00b0C'de hesaplan\u0131r. Hall elektrotunun etraf\u0131ndaki ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde ISO de\u011fi\u015fecektir. Bu nedenle, IOT'nin mevcut sens\u00f6r performans tablosundaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaymas\u0131 de\u011ferini ifade etti\u011fi ofset ak\u0131m\u0131 ISO'daki maksimum de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck kapasitesi<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck kapasitesi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m meydana geldi\u011finde birincil ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda artaca\u011f\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresinin \u00e7ok k\u0131sa olabilece\u011fi ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck de\u011ferinin sens\u00f6r\u00fcn izin verilen de\u011ferini a\u015fabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. . Genellikle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez ancak sens\u00f6re zarar vermez.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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kesinlik<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall etkisi sens\u00f6rlerinin do\u011frulu\u011fu standart ak\u0131m de\u011feri IPN'ye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. +25\u00b0C'de sens\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm do\u011frulu\u011funun birincil ak\u0131m \u00fczerinde belirli bir etkisi vard\u0131r ve sens\u00f6r\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilirken ofset ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, do\u011frusall\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaymas\u0131n\u0131n etkisi de dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall Etkisi Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6rlerinin Uygulamalar\u0131 <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Son y\u0131llarda otomasyon sistemlerinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc transist\u00f6r, redres\u00f6r ve trist\u00f6r kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve AC frekans d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131 reg\u00fclasyonu ve darbe geni\u015fli\u011fi mod\u00fclasyon devreleri yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece devre art\u0131k sadece geleneksel 50'den fazla de\u011fildir. -d\u00f6ng\u00fc sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrde sin\u00fcs dalgalar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. dalga bi\u00e7imi. Bu t\u00fcr bir devre i\u00e7in, geleneksel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemi ger\u00e7ek dalga bi\u00e7imini yans\u0131tamaz ve ak\u0131m ve gerilim alg\u0131lama bile\u015fenleri, orta-y\u00fcksek frekans ve y\u00fcksek di\/dt ak\u0131m dalga bi\u00e7iminin alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve tespiti i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir.
Rasgele dalga formlar\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve voltaj\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ebilen Hall etkisi sens\u00f6rleri. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f terminali, giri\u015f terminali ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n veya voltaj\u0131n\u0131n dalga bi\u00e7imi parametrelerini ger\u00e7ekten yans\u0131tabilir. Hall etkili sens\u00f6rlerdeki b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaymas\u0131n\u0131n ortak dezavantaj\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyerek, kontrol i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm do\u011frulu\u011fu \u00fczerindeki etkisini etkili bir \u015fekilde azaltan ve do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flayan bir dengeleme devresi kullan\u0131l\u0131r; y\u00fcksek hassasiyet, uygun kurulum ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyat \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptir.
Hall etkisi sens\u00f6rleri, frekans d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131 kontrol cihazlar\u0131nda, invert\u00f6r cihazlar\u0131nda, ups g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131nda, ileti\u015fim g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131nda, elektrikli kaynak makinelerinde, elektrikli lokomotiflerde, trafo merkezlerinde, CNC tak\u0131m tezgahlar\u0131nda, elektrolitik kaplamada, mikro bilgisayar izlemede, elektrik \u015febekesi izlemede ve di\u011fer tesislerde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ak\u0131m\u0131 ve voltaj\u0131 izole etmeniz ve tespit etmeniz gerekir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri, \u00f6zellikle kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri, geni\u015f frekans band\u0131, AC ve DC karakteristikleri ve manyetik doygunlu\u011fun kolay olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle end\u00fcstriyel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve kontrol alan\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinin baz\u0131 dezavantajlar\u0131 da vard\u0131r:
1. Elektromanyetik ak\u0131m transformat\u00f6r\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ikincil ak\u0131m\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve parazit \u00f6nleme yetene\u011fi nispeten zay\u0131ft\u0131r;
2. \u00c7evresel manyetik alan\u0131n etkisine duyarl\u0131d\u0131r, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm do\u011frulu\u011funu azalt\u0131r;
3. Genellikle a\u00e7\u0131sal fark indeksi sa\u011flanmaz ve g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistem hatas\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 izlenemez.
Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinin genellikle g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc gerektirmeyen veya y\u00fcksek hassasiyet gerektirmeyen kontrol amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir; G\u00fc\u00e7 frekans\u0131 sin\u00fczoidal devrelerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc veya enerji \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in elektromanyetik ak\u0131m transformat\u00f6rleri \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall Ak\u0131m\u0131 Sens\u00f6rlerinin Uygulamalar\u0131 - Di\u011fer Alg\u0131lama Bile\u015fenleriyle Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ak\u0131m\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bile\u015fenler \u015f\u00f6ntler ve ak\u0131m transformat\u00f6rleriydi.
\u015e\u00f6nt kullanman\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f aras\u0131nda galvanik izolasyonun olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Ek olarak, y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 veya b\u00fcy\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in bir \u015f\u00f6nt kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak end\u00fcktiftir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fant\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ak\u0131m dalga formunu etkilemez, ayn\u0131 zamanda sin\u00fczoidal olmayan dalga formlar\u0131n\u0131 da ger\u00e7ekten iletemez.
Ak\u0131m trafosu belirlenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma frekans\u0131 alt\u0131nda y\u00fcksek do\u011frulu\u011fa sahiptir ancak uyum sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi frekans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok dard\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle DC iletemez. Ayr\u0131ca ak\u0131m trafosu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bir uyarma ak\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla end\u00fcktif bir elemand\u0131r ve \u015f\u00f6nt ile ayn\u0131 dezavantajlara sahiptir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131 - dikkat edilmesi gereken konular<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Geleneksel ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri gibi, genel Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri de pozitif (+), negatif (-), \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm terminali (M) ve toprak (0) olmak \u00fczere d\u00f6rt pime sahiptir, ancak kablolu hat ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinde bu d\u00f6rt pim yoktur. ancak s\u0131ras\u0131yla pozitif kutba, negatif kutba, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm terminaline ve topra\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, siyah, sar\u0131 ve ye\u015filden olu\u015fan \u00fc\u00e7 kablo vard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7o\u011fu sens\u00f6rde bir i\u00e7 delik bulunur ve birincil ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7erken telin i\u00e7 delikten ge\u00e7mesi gerekir. A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n boyutunun \u00fcr\u00fcn modeli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ak\u0131m\u0131n boyutu ile ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ili\u015fkisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>

Ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn tipi ne olursa olsun, kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda pinlerin kablolamas\u0131 k\u0131lavuzda belirtilen \u015fartlara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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1) Alternatif ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7erken iki kutuplu bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur. Yani sens\u00f6r\u00fcn pozitif kutbu (+) g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u201c+VA\u201d terminaline, negatif kutbu ise g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u201c-VA\u201d terminaline ba\u011flan\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flant\u0131ya bipolar g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 denir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm terminali (M), bir diren\u00e7 (tek parmak s\u0131f\u0131r manyetik ak\u0131 tipi) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u201c0V\u201d terminaline ba\u011flan\u0131r.
2) DC ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7erken, tek kutuplu veya tek fazl\u0131 bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir, yani pozitif kutup veya negatif kutup "0V" terminali ile k\u0131sa devre yap\u0131l\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece yaln\u0131zca bir elektrot ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ayr\u0131ca kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131, modeli, serisi ve kurulum ortam\u0131 da tamamen dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin sens\u00f6r, \u0131s\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na elveri\u015fli bir yere kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Test do\u011frulu\u011funu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kablolama, anl\u0131k kalibrasyon ve kalibrasyon kurulumu ve sens\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131na dikkat etmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlara da dikkat etmelisiniz:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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1) Birincil kablo, sens\u00f6r\u00fcn i\u00e7 deli\u011finin merkezine yerle\u015ftirilmeli ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca e\u011filmemelidir;
2) Sens\u00f6r\u00fcn i\u00e7 deli\u011fini ana kabloyla, bo\u015fluk b\u0131rakmadan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca tamamen doldurun;
3) \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclecek ak\u0131m, sens\u00f6r\u00fcn standart nominal IPN de\u011ferine yak\u0131n olmal\u0131 ve fark \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ko\u015fullar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131ysa, elinizde y\u00fcksek anma de\u011ferine sahip tek bir sens\u00f6r vard\u0131r ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek ak\u0131m de\u011feri, anma de\u011ferinden \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm do\u011frulu\u011funu art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla, birincil tel, nominal de\u011fere yak\u0131n hale getirilecek \u015fekilde birka\u00e7 kez sar\u0131labilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 10A'l\u0131k bir ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in nominal de\u011feri 100A olan bir sens\u00f6r kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, do\u011frulu\u011fu art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in birincil kablo, sens\u00f6r\u00fcn i\u00e7 deli\u011finin merkezi etraf\u0131na on kez sar\u0131labilir (genel olarak, NP=1; i\u00e7 delikteki bir dairede, NP= 2;\u2026;Dokuz daire, NP=10, ard\u0131ndan NP\u00d710A=100A sens\u00f6r\u00fcn nominal de\u011ferine e\u015fittir, bu da do\u011frulu\u011fu art\u0131rabilir).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc manyetik doygunluk ya\u015fayacak m\u0131?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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manyetik doyma olgusu nedir?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ferromanyetik veya ferrimanyetik bir madde, manyetik alan kuvvetinin artmas\u0131yla manyetik polarizasyonun veya m\u0131knat\u0131slanman\u0131n \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir durumdad\u0131r.
Manyetik ge\u00e7irgen malzemenin fiziksel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle ge\u00e7en manyetik ak\u0131 sonsuza kadar artamaz. Ak\u0131m\u0131 veya sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar art\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z art\u0131r\u0131n, belirli bir hacimdeki manyetik ge\u00e7irgen malzemeden ge\u00e7en manyetik ak\u0131 art\u0131k belirli bir miktara artmayacak ve manyetik doygunlu\u011fa ula\u015facakt\u0131r. .
Diyelim ki bir elektrom\u0131knat\u0131s var, birim ak\u0131m uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olu\u015fan manyetik alan kuvveti 1, ak\u0131m 2\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda manyetik alan kuvveti 2,3\u2019e \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor, ak\u0131m 5 oldu\u011funda manyetik alan kuvveti 7 oluyor, ancak ak\u0131m 6'ya ula\u015f\u0131r. Manyetik alan kuvveti hala 7 iken, ak\u0131m daha da art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa manyetik alan kuvveti 7 olur ve art\u0131k artmaz. \u015eu anda elektrom\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131n manyetik doygunlu\u011fa sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00f6yleniyor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Manyetik doygunluk tehlikeleri<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 manyetik ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi y\u00fcksek malzemeler i\u00e7erir. Manyetik ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi y\u00fcksek malzemeler manyetik olarak doyurulduktan sonra, sens\u00f6r\u00fcn ikincil ak\u0131m\u0131 (veya voltaj\u0131) art\u0131k birincil ak\u0131m\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmeyecek, bu da \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm hatalar\u0131na veya ikincil devrenin koruma ar\u0131zalar\u0131na neden olacakt\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici manyetik doygunluk ayr\u0131ca manyetik iletken malzemenin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olabilir ve Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn birincil devresi ile ikincil devresi aras\u0131ndaki izolasyona zarar vererek ekipman\u0131 ve ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tehlikeye atabilir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc manyetik doyma sorunu<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bir\u00e7ok Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcreticisi, teknik malzemelerinde Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinin \u00f6nemli bir avantaj\u0131 olarak manyetik doygunlu\u011fun bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131 da desteklemektedir. Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik doygunlu\u011funun bulunmamas\u0131, Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn neredeyse uygulanmas\u0131ndan bu yana yayg\u0131n olarak tan\u0131nan ana avantajlar\u0131ndan biridir.
Ger\u00e7ek bu mu?
Asl\u0131nda Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc, Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda manyetik olarak doyuma ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaten belirleyen do\u011frusal olmayan bir manyetik \u00e7ekirdek i\u00e7erir!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A\u00e7\u0131k D\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn Manyetik Doyum Problemi<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekil, t\u00fcm y\u00fcksek manyetik ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fe sahip malzemelerin tipik m\u0131knat\u0131slanma e\u011frisinin \u015fematik bir diyagram\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hall Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6r\u00fc \u00c7ekirde\u011finin M\u0131knat\u0131slanma E\u011frisi<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u015eekilde Oa' ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki do\u011frusal olmayan b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr, a'a\u201d do\u011frusal b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr ve a\u201da doyum b\u00f6lgesidir. Hepimizin bildi\u011fi gibi, ister a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrim Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc olsun, ister elektromanyetik transformat\u00f6r olsun, daha iyi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak m\u0131knat\u0131slanma e\u011frisinde daha iyi do\u011frusall\u0131\u011fa sahip bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, manyetik ind\u00fcksiyon do\u011frusal b\u00f6lgede belirli bir aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece manyetik doyum meydana gelecektir.
Elektromanyetik transformat\u00f6rle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik doygunlu\u011funun tek bir nedeni vard\u0131r, yani birincil ak\u0131m yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.
Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn avantaj\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik doyma \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ak\u0131m frekans\u0131 nedeniyle manyetik doygunlu\u011fa neden olmayacakt\u0131r.
Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, elektromanyetik transformat\u00f6r\u00fcn de bir avantaj\u0131 vard\u0131r, yani ikincil y\u00fck yeterince k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr, \u00e7ok fazla a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck olsa bile manyetik doygunluk olu\u015fmaz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kapal\u0131 D\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall Ak\u0131m Sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn Manyetik Doyum Problemi<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrim Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik doyum problemi nispeten basittir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, kapal\u0131 devre Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik doyma sorunu anla\u015f\u0131lmaz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kapal\u0131 devre Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda manyetik \u00e7ekirdekteki manyetik ak\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r. s\u0131f\u0131r manyetik ak\u0131 alt\u0131nda do\u011fal olarak doygun olmayacakt\u0131r.
Ancak bu ancak normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r!
Asl\u0131nda elektromanyetik ak\u0131m trafosu veya a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrim Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc manyetik doyma sorunu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekans, a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck gibi anormal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda olu\u015fsa bile normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r. Manyetik doygunluk!
Kapal\u0131 devre Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibinden, ikincil taraf dengeleme sarg\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan manyetik alan\u0131n, birincil yan iletken taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan manyetik alan\u0131 dengeleyebilece\u011fi varsay\u0131m\u0131na dayanarak s\u0131f\u0131r manyetik ak\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Peki kapal\u0131 devre Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc bu s\u0131f\u0131r ak\u0131y\u0131 her ko\u015fulda koruyabilir mi?<\/p>

Belli ki de\u011fil!
A. Sens\u00f6re g\u00fc\u00e7 verilmedi\u011finde, ikincil taraf dengeleme sarg\u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131m \u00fcretmez. \u015eu anda kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc, a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fcne e\u015fde\u011ferdir. Birincil ak\u0131m yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece manyetik doyum meydana gelecektir.
B. Normal g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, ancak birincil ak\u0131m \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck. Bunun nedeni, ikincil dengeleme sarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretebilece\u011fi ak\u0131m\u0131n sonu\u00e7ta s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Birincil ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi manyetik alan, ikincil dengeleme sarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturabilece\u011fi maksimum manyetik alandan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funda, manyetik denge bozulur ve manyetik \u00e7ekirdekten bir manyetik alan ge\u00e7er. Ak\u0131m artmaya devam etti\u011finde manyetik \u00e7ekirdekteki manyetik alan da artar. Birincil ak\u0131m yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funda, kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6r\u00fc manyetik doyum durumuna girer!
Elektromanyetik ak\u0131m transformat\u00f6rleri ve a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rleri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kapal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fc Hall ak\u0131m sens\u00f6rlerinin manyetik doygunlu\u011funun olu\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, ancak bu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. Yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131m veya uzun s\u00fcreli a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckleme de manyetik doygunlu\u011fa neden olabilir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Uzmanlar\u0131m\u0131zla ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBize do\u011frudan e-posta yoluyla ula\u015f\u0131n info@hangzhiprecision.com<\/strong><\/a> veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki formu doldurun. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yan\u0131t verece\u011fiz.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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